Handouts

Hindu and Jain Temples of North and South India


Temples of the Gupta Period (319-550 CE) and Beyond in North India

Udayagiri Rock-Cut Sanctuaries, c. 401-02 CE

  • Cave 5: Varaha, or Vishnu in his boar incarnation
    Intersection of Ganges and Jamuna (Yamuna) Rivers
  • Cave 6: Ganesha, Vishnu, door guardians, Vishnu, Durga Slaying the Buffalo Demon
  • Udayagiri "False Cave" Temple, early 5th C. CE

Sanchi Temple No. 17, mid 5th C. CE

Nachna Shiva Temple, c. 475

Deogarh Vishnu Temple, c. 525 (Dehejia says c. 500 - either is okay)

  • Vishnu on Serpent Ananta (whose name means “endless”), giving birth to the world
  • Nara-Narayana - Vishnu's incarnation as two sages
  • Gajendra Moksha - Release of Gajendra

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho, early 11th C., built by the Chandella Dynasty

  • Mithunas, or amorous couples

Vimala Temple, Mt. Abu, 1032, repaired c. 1300, built by minister of Solanki Dynasty


Temples of South India

Mamallapuram, c. 630-660, built under Pallava Dynasty ruler named Mamalla

  • 5 Rathas (literally “chariots”, but mean “temples”)
  • Descent of the Ganges/Penance of Arjuna Relief
  • Krishna Holding Up Mt. Govardhan Relief

Brihadishvara (Rajarajeshvara) Temple, Tanjavur, 1010, built by Chola Dynasty ruler named Rajaraja

  • Relief Sculptures of Shiva Nataraja and Shiva Lingodbhava

Words/Issues: Chandragupta II, Samudragupta, Allahabad (Prayag), Vishnu, Varaha, makara= crocodile-like animal, samudra=ocean, Ganesha, Durga, Mt. Kailasa, garbha-griha="womb-home", Ananta, Nara-Narayana, Gajendra Moksha, moksha=release, jina/tirthankara=Jain saint, nagara - north Indian temple style, dravida - south Indian temple style

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Last updated March 16, 2002.