World War, 1914-1918

• European Powers in the First World War:  An Encyclopedia.  R.R. D 510 .E97 1996
• Historical Dictionary of World War I.  R.R. D 510 .H65 1998
• Almanac of World War I.  R.R. D 522.5 .B87 1998
• Dictionary of the First World War.  R.R. D 510 .P66 1995
• Biographical Dictionary of World War I.  R.R. D 507 .H47 1982

By Country

• Historical Dictionary of the Third French Republic, 1870-1940.  R.R. DC 337 .H57
• Dictionary of Modern Italian History.  R.R. DG 545 .D53
• Modern Encyclopedia Russian and Soviet History. R.R. DK 14 .m6
• Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism.  R.R. D 217 .H57 1991
• Modern Germany.  R.R. DD 14 .M64 1998

Topical

• Dictionary of Art.  R.R. N 31 .D5 1996
• New Grove dictionary of music and musicians.  Music Lib Ref ML 100 .N48 2001in paper as well.
• The Oxford History of World Cinema. 1996. [RR PN1993.5 .A1 O96 1996]
• A History of Early Film. 3 vol. 2000. [RR PN 1993.5 .A1 H547 2000]
• Companion encyclopedia of the history of medicine. R.R. R 133 .E5 1993
• Women in West European History:  Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries [a bibliography].  R.R. HQ 1587 .F7 v.2, 1914-1945. You'll need to tease out appropriate items; does cover medicine, work, etc.
• Women in World History [a biographical dictionary]. R.R. HQ 1115 .W62
• International Historical Statistics, 1750-1993. R.R. HA 1107 .M5 1998
   

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Bibliographies

• A Subject Bibliography of The First World War. Enser. RR D521 .E53 1990.
• Bibliographic Guide to the Two World Wars: An Annotated Survey of Englihs-Language Reference Materials. D521 .B39 1977

Sage and Muse

Sage (St. Olaf's catalog) and Muse (Carleton's catalog) will offer subject access to individual materials on your topic (but not individual journal articles -- see below for that). A stop at the Library of Congress Subject Headings list will save you a great deal of hit or miss time -- you will be able to identify the topic label which is used by most libraries across the United States (and often abroad) to describe your subject. Lovingly referred to as the "big red books," they are found in the reference area of each library on campus. Specific headings include:
 

Once you have relevant subject headings identified, search Sage or Muse by subject to find the holdings on your topic in Northfield. Alternatively, if you know of a book on your topic, you can look it up in Sage by title or author, see under which subject headiBiubngs it's listed, and then use those for a subject search.

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Primary Sources

A creative imagination is your best resource for finding them -- think about what you 'd like to find and then decide how to go about getting it. Remember to watch prefaces, footnotes, and bibliographies of secondary works and watch for references to primary sources in journal indexes. But you can also find primary sources in collections or published separately. Listed below are several categories of documents, with examples to whet your appetite, and suggested strategies for finding them. Remember to discuss your needs/ desires with a reference librarian.

Sourcebooks/Collected Editions
These collections may be found by searching Sage and Muse:

• By subject: "Subject Heading" SOURCES i.e. World War 1914-1918 Sources
• By keyword: DOCUMENT* or READINGS or SOURCE*
• Examples:
  • British documents on the origins of the war, 1898-1914.  1926.  [D505 .G68]
  • Historic documents of World War I.  1958.  [D505 .S7]
  • The story of the great war: the complete historical record of events to date; illustraed with drawings, maps and photographs. 1916. 10 vols. D521 .R46.
  • Readings in European international relations since 1879.  [D394 .C64]

Published Memoirs/Journals/Letters/Personal Accounts/Autobiographies/Collected Papers
For other sources of this type, search Sage and Muse:

• By subject: Subject Heading:
  • CORRESPONDENCE i.e.World War, 1914-1918 Correspondance
  • PERSONAL NARRATIVES i.e. World War, 1914-1918 - Personal Narratives
  • REMINISCENCE ;
  • INTERVIEWS
• By title keyword: MEMOIR*
  • AUTOBIOGRAPHY*
  • DIARY or DIARIES
  • LETTERS or CORRESPONDENCE
  • SPEECHES
• By author (if the name is known)
  • Yashka.  [DK265.7.B68 A3 1919]  (personal narrative, Russian female)
  • The cross at the front; fragments from the trenches, by Thomas Tiplady.  [D524 .T57 1917 ]  (personal narrative, British male)

"Gems of the Times"

• Great Britain and the European crisis: Correspondence, and statements in parliament...
• The disclosures from Germany. [D515 D61] Includes the Lichnowsky memorandum and letters of Dr. Muehlon.
• Out of their own mouths: Utterances of German rulers, statesmen, ...journalists, poets, ...soldiers. 1917. [D515 S65 1917]
• Why we are at war: Great Britain's case by Members of the Oxford Faculty of Modern History. 1914. [D517 W5 1914] Includes appendix of orignal documents.
• Collier's new photographic history of the world's war, including sketches, drawings and paintings made by artists
  at the front. Photographs by the official photographers accompanying each army, collected and arranged by Franics J. Reynolds and C. W. Taylor. 1918.  [D527.C69]
• Le Chemin des Dames. [Michelin].  1920.  [D528.C5]
• The voice of Belgium; being the war utterances of Cardinal Mercier...1917. [D622. M5 1917]
• The war for the world 1916. [D523.Z4] Includes essays, addresses and poems reprinted from various sources.
• From Berlin to Bagdad; behind the scenes in the Near East. 1918. [D568.A2 S3]
• The treatment of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire 1915-1916. Documents presented to Viscount Grey.... 1916. [D638.A7277]
• France. Ministère des affaires étrangère. The deportation of women and girls from Lille. [Translated textually
  from the note addressed by the French government to the governments of neutral powers on the
  conduct of the German authorities toward the population of the French departments in the occupation
  of the enemy. With extracts from other documents, annexed to the note, relating to German branches of
  international law during 1914, 1915, 1916. 1917?  [D639.D5 F8]
• French women and the First World War: War stories of the home front. 2000. [D639.W7 D38 2000]
• Lines of fire: Women writers of World War I. M.R. Higonnet, ed. 1999. [D639.W7 L487 1999]
• Nurses at the front: Writing the wounds of the Great War. M.R. Higonnet, ed.. 2001. [D640.A2 N87 2001]
• Memoirs of war 1914-1915. Marc Bloch. [D640.B58213] Daily journal of an infantry sergeant who was also a French scholar.
• Wounded and a prisoner of war, by an exchange officer. 1917. [D640.H41 1917]
• England's effort:Letters to an American friend. Ward. 1916. [D640 .W25]
• German students' war letters. 1929. [D640.W82]
• Vorgeschichte des waffenstillstandes.  Preliminary history of the armistice.  1924.  [D641.A3 G4]  [A translation was published in London, 1920, under title: History of events immediately preceding the armistice.]
• The woman's part: A record of minitions work. LK Yates. 1918. [HD6073.M8 Y3]
• L'argot de la guerre, d'après une enquête auprès des officiers et soldats. 1918.  [ PC3747.S7 D2 ]
  [French language -- Slang.   World War, 1914-1918 -- Language.]

 Given the plethora of on-line, cdrom and paper indexes, it is critical that you carefully target an index which is likely to cover the appropriate journals which publish material on your topic. Additionally, you need to consider whether you want broad, general indexes which will give you a sampling of materials appearing in mainstream publications, or specialized indexes which will be comprehensive and focused. Listed below are a sample of the indexes to be found in the St. Olaf Libraries. If you can't find the type of materials you need, please consult a reference librarian to help you find your way through the maze.

Multidisciplinary Index to Scholarly Publications

• JSTOR: source of full-text scholarly academic journals up to the last 3-5 years. Searches may be conducted by discipline.
• Project Muse An index to and full text of journals published by Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Expanded Academic ASAP Indexes articles in both popular magazines and academic journals, although the default is only for scholarly materials. Covers 1500 core titles, many back to the mid to late 1980s. Full text of articles often an option.

Indexes to Scholarly Journals in Specific Disciplines

A complete list of indexes and databases is available through the Libraries' home page.   This includes online databases, CD-ROM products and indexes published in paper format. I have included a sampling here so that you can get an idea of the breadth available and because I believe they may be the most useful for your research.

• Historical Abstracts   The main starting point for historical research for the world except for  America and Canada. Don't skip this source. [The other option, when you get there, is America History and Life which covers the U.S and Canada.] I suggest you click on Advanced Search -- basic is so basic you'll miss things. The thesaurus is only available from the advanced site.
• Public Affairs Information Service [PAIS].   Indexes materials on contemporary public policy issues, ranging from global warming to human rights. Online version covers 1972 to date; paper version [R.R. H 96 .P8] begins in 1915.
• MLA International Bibliography   The major index to literature journals. Also covers articles in books. Subjects include literature, folklore, languages, and linguistics.
• Art Index   Indexes English-language art periodicals, plus museum bulletins, bibliographies, film reviews, and conference reports. Covers 1984 to the present.
• International Index to Music Periodicals (IIMP), 1874 - present.
  Indexes a wide variety of international music periodicals, some back to the late 1800s.
• Music Index  The major index to periodical literature in the field of music. Does not include abstracts. Online database covers 1979 - present.

Contemporary Popular Sources

• International Index to Periodicals. 1907-1965 R.R. A13 .R47
  An index to more scholarly and less popular journals.
• The Times (London).  At Carleton on microfilm.  The index reaches back to 1790.

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Locating Journal Articles

• For St. Olaf holdings, check the Periodicals Title List
• For Carleton holdings check Muse.  If the items are available at Carleton they may be requested electronically through the "request button" on the page);
• If at neither St. Olaf or Carleton, please order through the Library's home page and the  ILL form  available there. Note the MEDD option which allows you to request an electronic (email) copy of a journal article.
• Journals at St. Olaf are shelved alphabetically in Rolvaag Library by title on floors 4 (A-Mac) and 3 1/2 (Mad-Z).

To find authoritative websites, it is best to first launch a search from known sites.As always, you must take care to evaluate your material. Who wrote/posted it? What are their credentials? Is the material from an academic source (scholarly publisher or .edu site on the web) or proprietary source (commercial publisher or .com site)? Is the material current for the topic? If a website, when was it last updated? Is that important? Etc. For more suggestions for evaluating websites, consult the list on the libraries' page:  Evaluating Web Sites

• Scout Report     http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/archives
      Reviews of websites for academic purposes.  Searchable by keyword AND by Library of Congress Subject Headings!  A sample :  
  • The Aerodrome: Aces and Aircraft of World War I   http://www.theaerodrome.com/
                     This handsome site is a WWI aviation buff's dream. Users will find biographical information on all the major aces of    the  war, organized by nationality. This includes rank, squadrons, victories, medals awarded, a photo, and a short                account of  their war service. The other major portion of the site is the listing of aircraft used in the war, organized by               country of origin. Plane information includes specifications, a short description, and a photo. Additional features at this site include a comprehensive bibliography, images and descriptions of medals awarded to airmen, a discussion forum, a modest collection of related links, and an internal search engine.
                                 World War, 1914-1918 -- Aerial operations.                 Airplanes, Military -- History
                                 Air pilots, Military -- Biography.                                         Fighter planes -- History.
                                 Aeronautics, Military -- History.                         
• Infomine  http://infomine.ucr.edu
      Websites "collected" by academic reference librarians from the University of California system.  A sample entry:
  •        French Posters from World War I (on CD-ROM)
                All 284 posters in the Library of Congress French World War I collection are captured on CD-ROM along with full             curatorial information. Posters were created to support the French war effort during World War I. A Library of Congress web page describes the French World I posters collection and tells how to access images online.
• Librarians' Index to the Internet  http://www.lii.org
      Aimed at public library patrons but for many topics, still relevent.  A sample entry:
  •       The Great War
            This World War I site includes history and analysis of the war; overviews of the battles of Gallipoli, Verdun, the Somme, and Passchendaele with excerpts from veteran's letters and audio interviews; a ten minute video showing film footage and photographs from the battlefields; and information on the Russian revolution, war memorials, and poets who died in the war.  Produced in 1998 by BBC News in observance of the 80th anniversary of the Armistice.           http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/10/98/world_war_i/197437.stm
              Subject: World War, 1914-1918         
• gallica: la biblioteque numerique    http://gallica.bnf.fr/
      Collection of documents from the Biblioteque nationale de France

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Bibliographic Citation Guides

• Assembling a List of Works Cited in Your Paper. Created by the Duke University Libraries.
  This source offers citation examples from four different style manuals for a variety of resources.
• A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. Kate L. Turabian 1996. [RR LB2369 .T8 1996 ]