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Meredith Mcguire's Religion: The Social Context (Fourth Edition)
Chapter 8 -- Secularization
Michael R. Leming, Ph.D.
Professor of Sociology
Spring Semester 1998
- Compare and Contrast the concepts of SECULARIZATION when one's
definition of religion is based upon a substantive definition of religion
as opposed to when one's definition of religion is based upon a
functional definition of religion. Give examples of social phenomena
which would support each perspective.
- Evaluate the evidence for and against the argument that religion is
declining in America. Compare "church affiliated" religious decline with
"individual religious" decline.
- Discuss Bellah's theory of religious evolution as an attempt to
explain the secularization process as a transformation of religious
function. Describe and give examples of each of his five stages of
historical patterns of religion--Primitive Religion, Archaic Religion,
Historic Religion, Early Modern Religion, and Modern Religion.
- Discuss Luckmann's theory of secularization and transformation of
religious function. Evaluate the functional approach to the process of
secularization. Do you agree that religion has been merely transformed in
America, or has there been a substantive change in America's religious
life?
- Discuss each of the following social processes as they relate to
secularization in America: Institutional Differentiation, Competing
Sources of Legitimacy, Rationalization, and Privatization. Describe and
give examples of each process. Also discuss the way in which each of
these processes are related to each other.
- Discuss and elaborate upon the meaning for the following statement
from Berger: "The pluralistic situation presents the religious
institutions with two ideal-typical options. They can either accommodate
themselves to the situation, play the pluralistic game of religious free
enterprise, and come to terms as best they can with the plausibility
problem by modifying their product in accordance with consumer demands.
Or they can refuse to accommodate themselves, entrench themselves behind
whatever socio-religious structures they can maintain or construct, and
continue to profess the old objectivities as much as possible as if
nothing had happened."
- How does the quote above relate the following quote: "We never should
have sent you to college. You come home with crazy ideas and have even
lost your faith. You would have been better off to have stayed in
Greenbush, Minnesota!!"
Go back to Sociology 265 - Discussion Questions
If you have any questions or comments please email:
leming@stolaf.edu
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