scientific notation 1.5x10^-2 1.5E-2 implied multiplication (x)(y) (0.10)(0.10) z will be multiplied x/yz 5^2/(0.10)(100) z will be divided x/(yz) 5^2/((0.10)(100)) using variable x x x*10 using memories Rn R1*3/2 using general constants 5/pi using other constants sqr(KaHC2H3O2*(0.01)) MW() is optional MW() MW(CO2) use no charges! MW(CO3) NOT MW(CO32-) equation-like formulas MW(2A + 3B) MW(2CO2 + 2H2O) '@' as hydration 'dot' X@nH2O MW(NiSO4@6H2O) fractional coefficient 0.345MeOH fractional subscripts Ba0.3Ca0.3Sr0.4TiO3 mol percent mol%(A,ABC) mol%(H,H2O) weight percent wt%(A,ABC) wt%(H,H2O) exponentiation exp() exp(10) factorials n! 10!/(6!4!) logarithm base 10 log() log(10) natural log ln() ln(10) square root sqr() sqr(10) OR sqrt(10) also any valid JavaScript function weak acids and bases 0.01 M HAc x^2/(0.01-x)=KaHAc solubility (note '_') Ca(OH)2 (x)(2x)^2=KspCa_OH_2
//these will override atoms (N and F) when found in math expressions N=6.0221367e23 //Avogadro's number R=0.0820578437 //Ideal gas constant--l.atm/mol.K k=1.38066e-23 //Boltzmann's constant--J/K F=96485.309 //Faraday's constant--C/mol a0_in_m=5.292e-11 //Bohr radius--m E1s=1312.75 //H atom ionization--kJ/mol E1s_in_J=2.179874e-18 //H atom ionization;J h=6.6260755e-34 //Planck's constant--J-s e=Math.E ce=1.60218e-18 //electron charge--Coulombs me_in_amu=5.485799e-4 //electron rest mass--amu mn_in_amu=1.00866 //neutron rest mass--amu mp_in_amu=1.0072765 //proton rest mass--amu me_in_kg=9.1093897e-31 //electron rest mass--kg mn_in_kg=1.672623e-27 //neutron rest mass--kg mp_in_kg=1.672623e-27 //proton rest mass--kg c_in_m_s=2.99792458e+8 //speed of light in vac.--m/s K_at_0C=273.15 //ADD to 0C for Kelvin Kw=1.0e-14 //Dissoc. constant for H2O
// MULTIPLY to convert--'from' is like 'per' ang_from_cm=1e8 amu_from_g=6.0221367e23 mmHg_from_atm=760 torr_from_atm=760 Pa_from_atm=101325 J_from_cal=4.184 kJ_per_mol_from_eV=96.485 J_from_eV=(kJ_per_mol_from_eV * 1000 / N) J_from_Latm=101.325 ergs_from_J=1e7 // DIVIDE BY to get these: ppm=1e-6 ppb=1e-9 ppt=1e-12 exa=1e18 peta=1e15 tera=1e12 giga=1e9 mega=1e6 kilo=1000 centi=0.01 milli=0.001 micro=1e-6 nano=1e-9 pico=1e-12 femto=1e-15 atto=1e-18
KaHAc=1.8e-5 //Ka Acetic KaHOAc=1.8e-5 //Ka Acetic KaHC2H3O2=1.8e-5 //Ka Acetic KaH3AsO4=5.6e-3 //Ka Arsenic1 KaH2AsO4=1.0e-7 //Ka Arsenic2 KaHAsO4=3.0e-12 //Ka Arsenic3 KaH3AsO3=6e-10 //Ka Arsenous1 KaHC6H7O6=8.0e-5 //Ka Ascorbic KaHC7H5O2=6.5e-5 //Ka Benzoic KaH3BO3=5.8e-10 //Ka Boric KaH2CO3=4.3e-7 //Ka Carbonic1 KaHCO3=5.6e-11 //Ka Carbonic2 KaHC2H2O2Cl=1.4e-3 //Ka Chloroacetic KaH3C6H5O7=7.4e-4 //Ka Citric1 KaH2C6H5O7=1.7e-5 //Ka Citric2 KaHC6H5O7=4.0e-7 //Ka Citric3 KaHCNO=3.5e-4 //Ka Cyanic KaHCHO2=1.8e-4 //Ka Formic KaHN3=1.9e-5 //Ka Hydroazoic KaHCN=4.9e-10 //Ka Hydrocyanic KaHF=6.8e-4 //Ka Hydrofluoric KaHCrO4=3.0e-7 //Ka Hydrogen chromate ion KaHSeO4=2.2e-2 //Ka Hydrogen selenate ion KaH2S=5.7e-8 //Ka Hydrogen sulfide1 KaHS=1.3e-13 //Ka Hydrogen sulfide2 KaHBrO=2e-9 //Ka Hypobromous KaHCIO=3.0e-8 //Ka Hypochlorous KaHIO=2e-11 //Ka Hypoiodous KaHIO3=1.7e-1 //Ka lodic KaHC3H5O3=1.4e-4 //Ka Lactic KaH2C3H2O4=1.5e-3 //Ka Malonic1 KaHC3H2O4=2.0e-6 //Ka Malonic2 KaHNO2=4.5e-4 //Ka Nitrous KaH2C2O4=5.9e-2 //Ka Oxalic1 KaHC2O4=6.4e-5 //Ka Oxalic2 KaH5IO6=2.8e-2 //Ka Paraperiodic1 KaH4IO6=5.3e-9 //Ka Paraperiodic2 KaHC6H5O=1.3e-10 //Ka Phenol KaH3PO4=7.5e-3 //Ka Phosphoric1 KaH2PO4=6.2e-8 //Ka Phosphoric2 KaHPO4=4.2e-13 //Ka Phosphoric3 KaHC3H5O2=1.3e-5 //Ka Propionic KaH4P2O7=3.0e-2 //Ka Pyrophosphoric1 KaH3P2O7=4.4e-3 //Ka Pyrophosphoric2 KaH2SeO3=2.3e-3 //Ka Selenous1 KaHSeO3=5.3e-9 //Ka Selenous2 KaHSO4=1.2e-2 //Ka Sulfuric2 KaH2SO3=1.7e-2 //Ka Sulfurous1 KaHSO3=6.4e-8 //Ka Sulfurous2 KaH2C4H4O6=1.0e-3 //Ka Tartaric1 KaHC4H4O6=4.6e-5 //Ka Tartaric2
KbNH3=1.8e-5 //Kb Ammonia KbC6H5NH2=4.3e-10 //Kb Aniline Kb_CH3_2NH=5.4e-4 //Kb Dimethylamine KbC2H5NH2=6.4e-4 //Kb Ethylamine KbH2NNH2=1.3e-6 //Kb Hydrazine KbHONH2=1.1e-8 //Kb Hydroxylamine KbCH3NH2=4.4e-4 //Kb Methylamine KbC5H5N=1.7e-9 //Kb Pyridine Kb_CH3_3N=6.4e-5 //Kb Trimethylamine
KspBaCO3=5.1e-9 //Ksp Barium carbonate KspBaCrO4=1.2e-10 //Ksp Barium chromate KspBaF2=1.0e-6 //Ksp Barium fluoride KspBa_OH_2=5e-3 //Ksp Barium hydroxide KspBaC2O4=1.6e-7 //Ksp Barium oxalate KspBa3_PO4_2=3.4e-23 //Ksp Barium phosphate KspBaSO4=1.1e-10 //Ksp Barium sulfate KspCdCO3=5.2e-12 //Ksp Cadmium carbonate KspCd_OH_2=2.5e-14 //Ksp Cadmium hydroxide KspCdS=8.0e-27 //Ksp Cadmium sulfide KspCaCO3=2.8e-9 //Ksp Calcium carbonate KspCaCrO4=7.1e-4 //Ksp Calcium chromate KspCaF2=3.9e-11 //Ksp Calcium fluoride KspCa_OH_2=5.5e-6 //Ksp Calcium hydroxide KspCa3_PO4_2=2.0e-29 //Ksp Calcium phosphate KspCaSO4=9.1e-6 //Ksp Calcium sulfate KspCeF3=8e-16 //Ksp Cerium_III_ fluoride KspCrF3=6.6e-11 //Ksp Chromium_III_ fluoride KspCr_OH_3=6.3e-31 //Ksp Chromium_III_ hydroxide KspCoCO3=1.4e-13 //Ksp Cobalt_II_carbonate KspCo_OH_2=1.6e-15 //Ksp Cobalt_II_ hydroxide KspCo_OH_3=1.6e-44 //Ksp Cobalt_III_ hydroxide KspCoS=4.0e-21 //Ksp Cobalt_II_ sulfide--alpha KspCuBr=5.3e-9 //Ksp Copper_I_ bromide KspCuCl=1.2e-6 //Ksp Copper_I_ chloride KspCu2S=2.5e-48 //Ksp Copper_I_ sulfide KspCuCO3=1.4e-10 //Ksp Copper_II_ carbonate KspCuCrO4=3.6e-6 //Ksp Copper_II_ chromate KspCu_OH_2=2.2e-20 //Ksp Copper_II_ hydroxide KspCu3_PO4_2=1.3e-37 //Ksp Copper_II_ phosphate KspCuS=6.3e-36 //Ksp Copper_II_ sulfide KspAuCl=2.0e-13 //Ksp Gold_I_ chloride KspAuCl3=3.2e-25 //Ksp Gold_III_ chloride KspFeCO3=3.2e-11 //Ksp Iron_II_ carbonate KspFe_OH_2=8.0e-16 //Ksp Iron_II_ hydroxide KspFeS=6.3e-18 //Ksp Iron_II_ sulfide KspFe_OH_3=4e-38 //Ksp Iron_llI_ hydroxide KspLaF3=4e-17 //Ksp Lanthanum fluoride KspLa_IO3_3=6.1e-12 //Ksp Lanthanum iodate KspPbCO3=7.4e-14 //Ksp Lead carbonate KspPbCl2=1.6e-5 //Ksp Lead chloride KspPbCrO4=2.8e-13 //Ksp Leadchromate KspPbF2=2.7e-8 //Ksp Lead fluoride KspPb_OH_2=1.2e-15 //Ksp Lead hydroxide KspPbSO4=1.6e-8 //Ksp Lead sulfate KspPbS=8.0e-28 //Ksp Lead sulfide KspMg_OH_2=1.8e-11 //Ksp Magnesium hydroxide KspMgC2O4=8.6e-5 //Ksp Magnesium oxalate KspMnCO3=1.8e-11 //Ksp Manganese carbonate KspMn_OH_2=1.9e-13 //Ksp Manganese hydroxide KspMnS=1.0e-13 //Ksp Manganese_II_ sulfide KspHg2Cl2=1.3e-18 //Ksp Mercury_I_ chloride KspHg2C2O4=2.0e-13 //Ksp Mercury_I_ oxalate KspHg2S=1.0e-47 //Ksp Mercury_I_ sulfide KspHg_OH_2=3.0e-26 //Ksp Mercury_II_ hydroxide KspHgS=4e-53 //Ksp Mercury_II_ sulfide KspNiCO3=6.6e-9 //Ksp Nickel carbonate KspNi_OH_2=1.6e-14 //Ksp Nickel hydroxide KspNiC2O4=4e-10 //Ksp Nickel oxalate KspNiS=3.2e-19 //Ksp Nickel sulfide--alpha KspAg3AsO4=1.0e-22 //Ksp Silver arsenate KspAgBr=5.0e-13 //Ksp Silver bromide KspAg2CO3=8.1e-12 //Ksp Silver carbonate KspAgCl=1.8e-10 //Ksp Silver chloride KspAg2CrO4=1.1e-12 //Ksp Silver chromate KspAgCN=1.2e-16 //Ksp Silver cyanide KspAgOH=1.5e-8 //Ksp Silver hydroxide KspAgI=8.3e-17 //Ksp Silver iodide KspAg2SO4=1.4e-5 //Ksp Silver sulfate KspAg2S=6.3e-50 //Ksp Silver sulfide KspSrCO3=1.1e-10 //Ksp Strontium carbonate KspSn_OH_2=1.4e-28 //Ksp Tin_II_ hydroxide KspSnS=1.0e-25 //Ksp Tin_II_ sulfide KspZnCO3=1.4e-11 //Ksp Zinc carbonate KspZn_OH_2=1.2e-17 //Ksp Zinc hydroxide KspZnC2O4=2.7e-8 //Ksp Zinc oxalate KspZnS=1.1e-21 //Ksp Zinc sulfide--alpha
H =1.008 He=4.003 Li=6.941 Be=9.012 B =10.81 C =12.01 N =14.01 O =16.00 F =19.00 Ne=20.18 Na=22.99 Mg=24.31 Al=26.98 Si=28.09 P =30.97 S =32.07 Cl=35.45 Ar=39.95 K =39.10 Ca=40.08 Sc=44.96 Ti=47.88 V =50.94 Cr=52.00 Mn=54.94 Fe=55.85 Co=58.93 Ni=58.69 Cu=63.55 Zn=65.38 Ga=69.72 Ge=72.59 As=74.92 Se=78.96 Br=79.90 Kr=83.80 Rb=85.47 Sr=87.62 Y =88.91 Zr=91.22 Nb=92.91 Mo=95.94 Tc=98.00 Ru=101.1 Rh=102.9 Pd=106.4 Ag=107.9 Cd=112.4 In=114.8 Sn=118.7 Sb=121.8 Te=127.6 I =126.9 Xe=131.3 Cs=132.9 Ba=137.3 La=138.9 Ce=140.1 Pr=140.9 Nd=144.2 Pm=145.0 Sm=150.4 Eu=152.0 Gd=157.3 Tb=158.9 Dy=162.5 Ho=164.9 Er=167.3 Tm=168.9 Yb=173.0 Lu=175.0 Hf=178.5 Ta=180.9 W =183.9 Re=186.2 Os=190.2 Ir=192.2 Pt=195.1 Au=197.0 Hg=200.6 Tl=204.4 Pb=207.2 Bi=209.0 Po=209.0 At=210.0 Rn=222 Fr=223 Ra=226 Ac=227 Th=232 Pa=231 U =238 Np=237 Pu=244 Am=243 Cm=247 Bk=247 Cf=251 Es=252 Fm=257 Md=258 No=259 Lr=260 Db=261 Jl=262 Rf=263 Bh=262 Hn=265 Mt=268